The term “refugee document” can actually refer to two different documents, each one serving a different purpose in the refugee claims process. Let us take a closer look.
Refugee Protection Claimant Document (RPCD)
Issued by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) after filing a refugee claim within Canada, the RPCD serves as official confirmation of your claim. While it doesn’t guarantee refugee status, it grants access to certain benefits like the Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP) during the claim’s assessment.
Refugee Travel Document (RTD)
Functioning as a substitute passport for travel outside Canada (except to your home country), the RTD is issued by IRCC to two distinct groups:
Refugee claimants – Individuals whose claims are still pending with the Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB).
Protected persons – Individuals granted refugee protection or asylum in Canada. To qualify for an RTD, you must fall under one of these categories and apply online through the IRCC website.
Given the complexities of refugee claims and documents, it is highly advisable to get expert assistance with this.
Is it possible to apply for a Canadian eTA with an RTD or Refugee Travel Document?
No, the majority of individuals who want to use an RTD to travel to Canada will require a visitor visa. There are a few exceptions though:
– Travelers who possess a valid Canadian Refugee Travel Document do not have to apply for either an eTA or a visa. The RTD is the only travel document they will need.
– Individuals who are legal permanent residents of the U.S. and who do not have a passport are allowed to visit Canada with only their United States Refugee Travel Document, provided they have official documentation to prove that they are legal permanent residents of the U.S.
– In the vast majority of other cases, you will have to apply for a Canadian visa if you want to visit Canada with a refugee travel document (RTD). The Canadian Immigration and Citizenship website is very clear on this issue.
At this stage, it is also very important to be aware that a Refugee Travel Document is not a passport and may not be recognized by all countries. It can also not be used to travel to the holder’s country of citizenship.
Except for refugees, who can apply for a Canadian eTA?
Citizens of more than 50 visa-exempt countries are allowed to apply for an eTA if they want to travel to Canada. This includes a wide range of nationalities, such as:
Europeans – Most European Union members like France, Germany, Spain, and Italy, along with non-EU countries like Switzerland, Norway, and Iceland.
People from American and Caribbean nations – Citizens of the United States, Bermuda, Bahamas, and most South American countries like Argentina, Brazil, and Chile.
Visitors from Asian and Oceanic countries – Many Asian countries like Japan, South Korea, Singapore, and Israel, along with Australia and New Zealand.
The list of qualifying countries is regularly updated, so it’s always best to double-check through the official Canadian government website. If, like many people, you still have questions after visiting the official site, you will be able to get quick help with your eTA application by visiting the Canada eTA FAQ.
How can I apply for refugee status in Canada?
Seeking refuge in Canada is a significant step, and navigating the application process can feel overwhelming. Here’s a breakdown of the most important steps involved.
Determining whether you are eligible or not
The first and most important step is to find out whether or not you meet the criteria for refugee status as defined by the 1951 Refugee Convention. This very often involves facing a well-founded fear of persecution in your home country due to reasons such as:
– Race
– Religion
– Nationality
– Political opinion
– Membership of a particular social group
Seeking referral
To formally claim refugee status in Canada, you need a referral from either:
The United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) – They assess refugee claims in various countries and can refer eligible individuals for resettlement in Canada.
A designated private sponsorship group – These groups support refugees financially and emotionally during their resettlement in Canada.
Choosing the application method
There are two main ways to apply for refugee status in Canada:
Applying while you are already in Canada – If you’re already in Canada, you can make a refugee claim at a port of entry upon arrival or inland at any Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) office.
Resettlement from abroad – If you’re outside Canada, you will have to be referred by the UNHCR or a sponsorship group and must then wait for your application to be processed before coming to Canada.
Preparing the application
The application process involves filling out various forms, providing supporting documentation such as your passport and evidence of persecution, and attending an interview with an IRCC officer. Seeking legal counsel from an immigration lawyer specializing in refugee claims can be immensely helpful during this stage.
Attending the hearing
Once your application has been processed, you will have to attend a hearing before the Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB), an independent tribunal that decides about refugee claims. The IRB member will assess your claim based on your testimony and submitted evidence.
Awaiting the decision
After the hearing, the IRB member will issue a written decision regarding your claim. If it is successful, you will be granted refugee protection in Canada, with access to rights and benefits such as healthcare, education, and social assistance. If your claim is unsuccessful, you will have the right to appeal the decision.
What are the main reasons why people visit Canada?
There is a long list of reasons why people visit Canada. Some of the main ones include:
Vibrant cities – Canadian cities like Vancouver, Toronto, and Quebec City offer vibrant cultural scenes, a wide variety of dining options, and exciting urban experiences for travelers.
Nature and wildlife – Canada is home to some of the world’s most spectacular scenery, including scenic coastlines, magnificent mountains, sprawling prairies, and picturesque forests. Visitors can also enjoy wildlife watching, hiking, and skiing in the country’s numerous national parks.
Friendly locals – Canadians are widely known for their politeness and friendliness, making any visit a heartwarming experience.
Rich and diverse culture – Canada has a rich cultural heritage, with influences from Indigenous peoples, French and British settlers, and immigrants from around the world. Visitors can experience this culture through the local food, music, art, and festivals.
Four distinct seasons – Canada is a year-round travel destination, with each season offering unique experiences. Depending on the time of the year, visitors can enjoy fall colors, winter sports, spring cherry blossoms, and summer beaches.
The unforgettable Northern Lights – The Northern Lights, also known as Aurora Borealis, can be seen in Canada’s northern regions, providing a breathtaking natural light show.
Delicious food and drink – Canada has a diverse culinary scene, with regional specialties like poutine, Nanaimo bars, and Montreal-style bagels. Visitors can also enjoy the country’s wide selection of wines, beers, and whiskeys.
It’s a slice of Europe in North America – Quebec is the only French-speaking province in Canada. You will feel like you’ve traveled to France, although you’re still in North America. Visitors can enjoy patisseries, cobblestone streets, and European architecture.
Unforgettable wildlife – Canada is home to a diverse range of wildlife, including bears, moose, whales, and eagles. Visitors can, therefore, join many wildlife watching tours and safaris.
Driving and camping in national parks – Canada has many national parks that offer opportunities for driving and camping, allowing visitors to experience the country’s natural beauty up close.
These are just some of the many reasons why such large numbers of people visit Canada every year. Everyone’s experience of the country is unique, and you might find something else that keeps you coming back again and again!
What are the most popular winter activities in Canada?
Here are a few of Canada’s most popular winter activities. Be warned, however, there are more!
Skiing and snowboarding – The country offers world-class skiing and snowboarding opportunities in regions such as the Canadian Rockies and Whistler Blackcomb.
Dog sledding – A traditional and exciting winter activity in Canada is to experience the thrill of dog sledding through snow-covered landscapes.
Viewing the Northern Lights – In the northern regions of Canada, such as the Yukon and Northwest Territories, you will be able to watch the mesmerizing Aurora Borealis, a unique natural light display.
Ice skating – Enjoy ice skating on natural frozen surfaces or visit the iconic Rideau Canal in Ottawa for a unique and unforgettable skating experience.
Winter festivals and carnivals – If you visit Canada in winter, you will have the opportunity to attend winter festivals like “Carnaval de Québec”, which features a variety of outdoor activities, winter sports, and lively celebrations.
Snowmobiling – Exploring the winter wonderland of Canada on a snowmobile tour is an unforgettable experience.
Snowshoeing – Enjoy the tranquility of snowshoeing through snow-shrouded forests and scenic winter landscapes.
Recreational winter sports – If you are a sports lover, why not take part in recreational winter sports such as hockey, curling, and skiing, which are very popular among Canadians during the winter months?
These activities offer a diverse range of experiences, allowing visitors to enjoy the beauty and excitement of the Canadian winter to the full.
The bottom line
If your country forms part of the Visa Waiver Program, you can visit Canada without having to apply for a visa or attend a personal interview at your nearest Canadian embassy. To find out more about the Canadian eTA option, visit the Canada eTA requirements.